Age and alcohol: Understanding the effects of drinking as you get older

As we age, our bodies undergo various changes, and the effects of drinking alcohol can become more pronounced. While many of us enjoy a drink or two from time to time, it's important to understand how alcohol can impact our health as we get older.

This article explains some of the impacts to be aware of next time you reach for a drink.

Slower alcohol processing

As we age, our bodies experience various changes that impact how we process alcohol. One significant change involves the gradual loss of muscle mass, which is replaced by fat tissue. As muscle tissue contains more water, alcohol becomes more diluted - leading to a lower blood alcohol concentration (BAC). On the other hand, the higher amount of fat tissue in older adults means that alcohol is less diluted and stays concentrated in the bloodstream, resulting in a higher BAC. This means that, even when consuming the same quantity of alcohol as their younger counterparts, older people tend to feel the effects quicker.

Increased risk of liver damage

Our liver contains enzymes that are responsible for breaking down alcohol so it can be eliminated from the body. The body's ability to produce these enzymes decreases with age. As a result, alcohol remains in the liver for longer periods of time before it moves into the general bloodstream or is metabolised - leading to an increased risk of liver damage.

Increased dehydration

Alcohol is a diuretic, meaning it increases urine production, which can cause fluid loss. In older adults, who already have a reduced capacity to conserve water, this can exacerbate the risk of dehydration. Dehydration can result in numerous health issues, including dizziness, confusion, low blood pressure, and increased vulnerability to other medical conditions.

Appearance changes

When you drink, the dehydrating effect of alcohol means your skin loses fluid and nutrients that are vital for healthy-looking skin. This can make your skin look more wrinkled, dull and grey, or bloated and puffy.

Increased risk of accidents

Drinking can impair physical and mental functioning, including coordination, vision, hearing, and reflexes. This can make it even more difficult for older adults to react to hazards and avoid accidents such as falls or car crashes.

Potential medication interactions

Alcohol can interact with many medications in a harmful way, leading to adverse side effects. For example, alcohol can intensify the drowsiness caused by certain medications, such as sleeping pills or sedatives, and impair an individual's ability to drive. Therefore, it's crucial for older adults to seek professional medical advice before consuming any over-the-counter or prescription medication if they plan on drinking alcohol.

Some medications known to react with alcohol include:

• Anti-anxiety medications
• Antibiotics
• Antidepressants
• Antihistamines
• Blood thinners
• Diabetes medications

While alcohol can be an enjoyable beverage, excessive consumption can have negative effects on your health. It is important to keep these effects in mind and to drink in moderation to minimise the risk of alcohol-related health problems.

Sources:

• https://drinkwise.org.au/drinking-and-you/age-and-alcohol-understand-the-effects-of-drinking-as-you-get-older/
• https://americanaddictioncenters.org/alcoholism-treatment/elderly
• https://adf.org.au/insights/aod-older-australians/
• https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/how-alcohol-affects-your-health